In a new study, led by IASCE Director Charles Stanish, drone mapping was used to examine the enigmatic site known as the 鈥淏and of Holes鈥� (on Monte Sierpe in Peru鈥檚 Pisco Valley) and found that its ~5,200 holes are arranged in distinct blocks with numerical patterns reminiscent of the Andean accounting device called a khipu. Dr. Stanish had previously proposed the site functioned as an accounting/tribute mechanism, and his work underpins the new interpretation that the holes first served as a pre-Inca barter marketplace and later as an Inca recording system. Soil samples revealed maize pollen and reed fragments, supporting the exchange-and-storage hypothesis.